violin concerto

  • New Violin Concertos from Tan Dun

     

    Dun: Violin Concertos
    Eldborg Hemsing, violin.
    Oslo Philharmonic Orchestra/Tan Dun
    BIS 2398
    Total Time:  62:37
    Recording:   ****/****
    Performance: ****/****

    Tan Dun (b. 1957; Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon; Hero) practically exploded upon the film and concert scenes at the beginning of the 21st Century.  His music explores combinations of Western and Eastern musical aesthetics.  A key component in his work is this concept of “ritual” which connect to his work with the Peking Opera and Chinese theatrical style.  A number of his works also reimagine Western masterpieces and musical forms.  The two violin concertos on this release are more recent works that focus on exploring contemporary musical popular forms as well as this concept of ritual.  The performances here are by the young Norwegian virtuoso Eldbjorg Hemsing for whom the “Fire Ritual” concerto was composed.  The recordings were made shortly after their premieres in 2018.

    Written for violinist Cho-Liang Lin in 2009, the Violin Concerto “Rhapsody and Fantasia” has been reimagined a bit.  The revision here was completed in 2018.  It is a blend of some of the composer’s previous music as well.  The opening section, “Rock the Violin in Rhapsody”, utilizes a motivic idea to provide a basic material for the piece.  This is set against rock drum set beats in the framing “Hip-Hop” sections.  At the center of the movement is a more lyrical idea that also comes from his earlier Love Concerto.  The second portion of the work explores his more theatrical side.  Its subtitle, “A Dream Out of Peking Opera”, refers to its 1994 concerto which is the source for this material.  As the opening had a more Western percussion section, the second portion incorporates Asian percussion and bent pitch material to reference Asian scales.  The violin moves across often sparse textures that punctuate with a variety of atonal harmonic lines.  It adds a bit more dissonance to the music and an almost random quality as the ideas are developed.  Here too, Dun focuses on small motivic ideas both melodic and rhythmic which are then varied and explored in a quite fascinating work.  Hemsing has gorgeous tone that serves as a bridge between Dun’s various textures in the orchestra and the audience.  It is as if she provides the listener the entry point into Dun’s musical universe.

    Dun’s latest concerto, composed for Hemsing, is the Fire Ritual Violin Concerto.  The piece’s subtitle, “A music ritual for the Victims of War”, gives us a bit of a clue into the way the piece connects with Dun’s concepts of ritual.  In a more vivid way, Dun places the soloist as the link between the orchestra and another ensemble of wind players.  The latter are placed out in the audience.  The conductor then becomes the ritual “Shaman” leader (speaking various brief mantras) with violinist serving as the “Prophet”.  The ensemble groups represent “Mankind: and “Mother Nature” according to the composer.  On another level, Dun uses the solfegge note “Re” on a deeper conceptual scale whose prefix is also connected to meaning “again”.  Thus the piece’s ritualistic aspects intend to create pointed moments to return, restart, and resurrect.  The ritual here invites the calling of souls to return and then leads to a rebirth of all victims of war which allow them to relive and love once again.  The antiphonal dialogue between the ensembles is a rather interesting device and Dun takes this ancient Western concept blended with the royal court music of the Tan Dynasty.  There are also some larger dramatic aspects that are likely lost without a visual medium as where the instruments are and the various effects that are created provide another level of intensity that can only be slightly captured.  The work is cast in five movements.  The first opens with percussion and clapping sounds referencing Chinese theater music.  This is in contrast to intense brass writing that has an almost jazzy syncopated feel.  The violin is required to bend pitches and slide as it explores a wide range.  Here, Hemsing’s performance is stunning with the way the music is so carefully shaped and in the way her tone maintains an amazing consistency.  The second movement opens with a more Chinese-like folk melody on violin with musical gestures that build on those of the opening.  A rather ghostly feel appears in the central movement which has some quite chilling writing as if the spirits themselves are floating about.  The fourth movement brings us to more lyrical and Western-style orchestral writing.  The shift is effective dramatically and includes an extended cadenza.  Finally, a richly-lyrical solo line appears that is like a final commentary of hope in a truly fascinating concerto.

    It does help that BIS has created this super audio surround sound environment to experience at least the Fire Ritual’s aspects of spatial distance in the piece.  The Oslo Philharmonic really captures Dun’s style well, no doubt aided by the presence of the composer as conductor here.  Hemsing’s performances are really the key here to encourage repeated exploration of this amazing music.

    Dun: Violin Concertos
    Eldborg Hemsing, violin.
    Oslo Philharmonic Orchestra/Tan Dun
    BIS 2398
    Total Time:  62:37
    Recording:   ****/****
    Performance: ****/****

    Tan Dun (b. 1957; Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon; Hero) practically exploded upon the film and concert scenes at the beginning of the 21st Century.  His music explores combinations of Western and Eastern musical aesthetics.  A key component in his work is this concept of “ritual” which connect to his work with the Peking Opera and Chinese theatrical style.  A number of his works also reimagine Western masterpieces and musical forms.  The two violin concertos on this release are more recent works that focus on exploring contemporary musical popular forms as well as this concept of ritual.  The performances here are by the young Norwegian virtuoso Eldbjorg Hemsing for whom the “Fire Ritual” concerto was composed.  The recordings were made shortly after their premieres in 2018.

    Written for violinist Cho-Liang Lin in 2009, the Violin Concerto “Rhapsody and Fantasia” has been reimagined a bit.  The revision here was completed in 2018.  It is a blend of some of the composer’s previous music as well.  The opening section, “Rock the Violin in Rhapsody”, utilizes a motivic idea to provide a basic material for the piece.  This is set against rock drum set beats in the framing “Hip-Hop” sections.  At the center of the movement is a more lyrical idea that also comes from his earlier Love Concerto.  The second portion of the work explores his more theatrical side.  Its subtitle, “A Dream Out of Peking Opera”, refers to its 1994 concerto which is the source for this material.  As the opening had a more Western percussion section, the second portion incorporates Asian percussion and bent pitch material to reference Asian scales.  The violin moves across often sparse textures that punctuate with a variety of atonal harmonic lines.  It adds a bit more dissonance to the music and an almost random quality as the ideas are developed.  Here too, Dun focuses on small motivic ideas both melodic and rhythmic which are then varied and explored in a quite fascinating work.  Hemsing has gorgeous tone that serves as a bridge between Dun’s various textures in the orchestra and the audience.  It is as if she provides the listener the entry point into Dun’s musical universe.

    Dun’s latest concert, composed for Hemsing, is the Fire Ritual Violin Concerto.  The piece’s subtitle, “A music ritual for the Victims of War”, gives us a bit of a clue into the way the piece connects with Dun’s concepts of ritual.  In a more vivid way, Dun places the soloist as the link between the orchestra and another ensemble of wind players.  The latter are placed out in the audience.  The conductor then becomes the ritual “Shaman” leader (speaking various brief mantras) with violinist serving as the “Prophet”.  The ensemble groups represent “Mankind: and “Mother Nature” according to the composer.  On another level, Dun uses the solfegge note “Re” on a deeper conceptual scale whose prefix is also connected to meaning “again”.  Thus the piece’s ritualistic aspects intend to create pointed moments to return, restart, and resurrect.  The ritual here invites the calling of souls to return and then leads to a rebirth of all victims of war which allow them to relive and love once again.  The antiphonal dialogue between the ensembles is a rather interesting device and Dun takes this ancient Western concept blended with the royal court music of the Tan Dynasty.  There are also some larger dramatic aspects that are likely lost without a visual medium as where the instruments are and the various effects that are created provide another level of intensity that can only be slightly captured.  The work is cast in five movements.  The first opens with percussion and clapping sounds referencing Chinese theater music.  This is in contrast to intense brass writing that has an almost jazzy syncopated feel.  The violin is required to bend pitches and slide as it explores a wide range.  Here, Hemsing’s performance is stunning with the way the music is so carefully shaped and in the way her tone maintains an amazing consistency.  The second movement opens with a more Chinese-like folk melody on violin with musical gestures that build on those of the opening.  A rather ghostly feel appears in the central movement which has some quite chilling writing as if the spirits themselves are floating about.  The fourth movement brings us to more lyrical and Western-style orchestral writing.  The shift is effective dramatically and includes an extended cadenza.  Finally, a richly-lyrical solo line appears that is like a final commentary of hope in a truly fascinating concerto.

    It does help that BIS has created this super audio surround sound environment to experience at least the Fire Ritual’s aspects of spatial distance in the piece.  The Oslo Philharmonic really captures Dun’s style well, no doubt aided by the presence of the composer as conductor here.  Hemsing’s performances are really the key here to encourage repeated exploration of this amazing music. 

     

  • Master of the Mediteranean Style: Ben-Haim's Violin Music

     

    Ben-Haim: Evocations-Works for Violin
    Itamar Zorman, violin. Amy Yang, piano.
    BBC National Orchestra of Wales/Philippe Bach
    BIS 2398
    Total Time:  65:00
    Recording:   ****/****
    Performance: ****/****

    BIS bring together a collection of music for violin by composer Paul Ben-Haim (1897-1984).  Born in Munich, Ben-Haim would work as an assistant conductor with Bruno Walter and Hans Knappertsbusch early in his career.  He would emigrate to Tel Aviv in 1933 essentially escaping the horrors to come in Nazi Germany.  Among his most famous students are Elihu Inbal and Henri Lazaroff.  Ben-Haim would become one of the most important Israeli composers of his time.  His music is noted for its merging of European and Middle Eastern musical styles as it explored folk dances and rhythms from the region of Palestine.  This current release brings together his collected works for violin.  Three chamber works and three works for violin and orchestra round off this important release.

    An inherent sadness casts its shadow across Evocation (1942).  Written in memory of the violinist Andreas Weissgerber, the piece opens with a mournful motif that becomes a unifying force in the piece.  Structurally, Ben-Haim sticks to a traditional sonata form and the music has its foot firmly in the world of Romanticism.  The solo line is truly gorgeous and explores this melodic structure expanding throughout its register with a blend of insistent virtuosic writing and nuanced lyricism.  More vigorous writing seems to hint at the evils of Europe trying to overwhelm the beauty.  The piece is really a remarkable work that eventually moves to a more personal expression of grief in its final bars with hints at Eastern-European Jewish music.

    Three original chamber works are also included on the album.  The Berceuse Sfaradite (1945) is one of the early examples of Ben-Haim use of Sephardic folk song and is among his most popular pieces.  For contrast, there is the later Three Songs Without Words.  Written in 1951, these pieces provide some contrast to the earlier work.  Here one can sense Ben-Haim beginning to explore more Middle Eastern harmonies and melodic shapes as he incorporates Sephardic music here.  The title connects to the more familiar collections of piano music by Mendelssohn.  One can hear further explorations of Arabic traditions as Ben-Haim’s music continued to work towards a blend of East and West traditions in one of his last works, the Three Studies for Solo Violin (1981) composed for Yehudi Menuhin.  They are almost like little fleeting thoughts composed by an ailing composer looking back at his work.  As a bonus, Zorman includes a transcription of a “Toccata” from the 5 Pieces for Piano, Op. 34 (1943) arranged by his father.  It adds a personal touch to an equally moving album.

    At the center of the release is Ben-Haim’s Violin Concerto (1960) written for Zvi Zeitlin.  The integration of Western and Eastern musical traditions is on clear display here in a work that adheres to traditional form and structure.  It is a well-balanced piece that opens with a sonata allegro movement, shifts to a touching song-like central movement, and concludes with an exciting folkish dance.  Into these Western structures, Ben-Haim applies more Middle Eastern musical approaches with attempts to incorporate quarter tones, long melismatic writing, and the use of a Sephardic-like melody in the third movement.  These are all part of what would be identified as the “Mediterranean Style” developing in Israeli music.

    Ben-Haim’s music is a blend of the modern and romantic.  Echoes of his approach can be heard in composers exploring musical material outside of the serialist academic worlds.  There is a very deep emotional quality to his music, even when it is at its more cerebral, that helps communicate his ideas clearly.  This is aided by the use of traditional structures which allow for an easier entry point for listeners.  The performances here are really superb and committed.  Zorman is able to walk that line between the Classical violin style and the necessary folkish nods that appear in the music.  It is clear he loves this music and that emotional connection comes through in the performances.  BIS’s release is a perfect way to begin to acquaint oneself with this music.